Nationalists staged a dramatized performance, Interfax reported.
A reinforced police force is maintaining order at the scene and about 30 policemen have been deployed along the perimeter of the rally.
No clashes with police have been reported.
Eight activists were detained on Monday near Sophia Square, when a similar rally was broken up by police.
The demonstrators who staged the rally on Tuesday, held party and national flags and anti-patriarch posters, chanting, "Moscow Priest Go Away!" and, "Kirill-Baggage-Railway-Russia!"
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